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Infantry formations representing the early stages of American warfare before the rise of massed rifle tactics.

From Musket Line to Massed Rifle: How Americans...

In the spring of 1861, the officers who would command the great armies of the American Civil War opened their war with the drill books of their grandfathers. They had...

From Musket Line to Massed Rifle: How Americans...

In the spring of 1861, the officers who would command the great armies of the American Civil War opened their war with the drill books of their grandfathers. They had...

Pike and shot armies deployed during the Thirty Years' War, the conflict that transformed the political future of Europe.

The War That Invented the Modern World How Euro...

Most wars rearrange a map. The Thirty Years' War rewrote the rulebook that every map has followed since. Between 1618 and 1648 the heart of Europe burned for three decades...

The War That Invented the Modern World How Euro...

Most wars rearrange a map. The Thirty Years' War rewrote the rulebook that every map has followed since. Between 1618 and 1648 the heart of Europe burned for three decades...

Spanish conquistadors and indigenous warriors during the conquest of the Americas, a turning point that reshaped global history.

Two Worlds, One Catastrophe How Spain's Conques...

For roughly fifteen thousand years, two halves of the human species had developed without knowing the other existed. On one side of the Atlantic, peoples had built empires, written codices,...

Two Worlds, One Catastrophe How Spain's Conques...

For roughly fifteen thousand years, two halves of the human species had developed without knowing the other existed. On one side of the Atlantic, peoples had built empires, written codices,...

Tabletop recreation of the Battle of Zama where Scipio Africanus defeated Hannibal and secured Rome's future.

The War Rome Had to Win: How Hannibal's Defeat ...

In 216 BC, on the plains of Cannae in southern Italy, the Roman Republic suffered the worst military defeat in its history. Hannibal Barca had brought a Carthaginian army over...

The War Rome Had to Win: How Hannibal's Defeat ...

In 216 BC, on the plains of Cannae in southern Italy, the Roman Republic suffered the worst military defeat in its history. Hannibal Barca had brought a Carthaginian army over...

Historical tabletop wargame showing a decisive flank envelopment from Cannae to the Peninsular War

The Flank Never Lies How Envelopment Has Decide...

August 216 BC. A Roman army of 86,000 men - the largest the Republic had ever put into the field - marches onto the plain of Cannae, confident in its...

The Flank Never Lies How Envelopment Has Decide...

August 216 BC. A Roman army of 86,000 men - the largest the Republic had ever put into the field - marches onto the plain of Cannae, confident in its...

Civil war formations showing the breakdown of traditional rules of warfare

Armies Without Enemies - How Civil Wars Destroy...

There is a standard theory of how wars are supposed to work. Two nations, two armies, two sets of interests. One side trains a certain way, deploys a certain kind...

Armies Without Enemies - How Civil Wars Destroy...

There is a standard theory of how wars are supposed to work. Two nations, two armies, two sets of interests. One side trains a certain way, deploys a certain kind...